Photography's strength and its limitation lies in its traditional bond with reality. The camera was invented as a mechanical recording device. What happens when that necessity is broken? Even in its formative years photography was subject to lens and exposure techniques created in an attempt to go beyond depiction.

As it turns out, we have gotten quite good at it, particularly after the invention of digital photography, although there were certainly pre-digital pioneers such as Jerry Uelsmann, who made his compositions in a traditional black and white darkroom with multiple enlargers.

I discovered Adobe Photoshop in 1989 and have worked with it ever since. I used to work with Adobe Illustrator as well until the company's whole subscription model became prohibitively expensive. Most of what is presented here is the result on one of both of those pieces of software.